Advanced Encryption Standard

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a symmetric block cipher standardized by NIST in FIPS 197 (2001), based on the Rijndael cipher. It encrypts data in 128-bit blocks using a key of 128, 192, or 256 bits, and is the most widely used symmetric cipher today (TLS, disk encryption, Wi-Fi, etc.).

I’ll leave the internals blank because I have very little memory about the mathematics of this encryption. But here’s a note on how to break AES-ECB using PKCS#7.